Overview : The vulva is a part of the female reproductive system and is also part of the external genitalia. The vulva consists of labia minora, labia majora, mons pubis, clitoris, vestibular bulb, vulval vestibule, urinary meatus the vaginal opening, hymen, and Bartholin's glands. other parts of the vulva include sebaceous glands, urogenital triangle, and pudendal cleft. Pelvic floor muscles support the structures of the vulva and vulva including the entrance to the vagina. Vulva goes through changes during childhood, puberty, menopause, and post-menopause. Structure: A) Mons pubis: it is present in both sexes and act as a cushion during sexual intercourse and is more pronounced in female. the mons pubis is a soft fatty tissue at the front of the vulva in the pubic region covering the pubic bone. the lower part of the mons pubis is divided by a fissure called pudendal cleft. it separates mons pubis and labia majora, the mons pubis, and labia majora get covered by pubic hair at pu...
Shoulder pain relief - Shoulder pain remedies
Pain in the shoulder is a fairly common issue, we don't think about our shoulder until we experience sudden and sharp pain in the shoulder. The chances of getting shoulder pain increases as you age and there are a variety of causes of shoulder pain ranging from a simple act of grabbing something overhead to serious medical conditions like arthritis and heart attack.
Some of the common causes of shoulder pain include :
1)Muscle strain
2)Rotator cuff injuries
3)Arthritis
4)Bursitis
5)Tendonitis
6)Rheumatoid arthritis
7)Heart attack (in heart attack pain is referred to the shoulder and to the medial aspect of the hand)
Treatment of the shoulder pain
At-home remedies for shoulder pain relief
a)Rest and avoidance
Rest to the affected injured part is very important. As it helps in the recovery and avoiding the similar activities that caused the pain is crucial as it will worsen the pain.
b)Cold packs
Applying a cold pack helps in reducing the swelling and also has a soothing effect. Apply an ice pack four times a day for 15 minutes. Ice pack also helps to reduce the pain, do not apply a cold pack directly to the skin.
c)Heat therapy
Heat therapy increases circulation and relaxes the tense muscles in the shoulder. It also reduces muscle pain and arthritis in the shoulder.
d)Compression bandage
Wrapping a shoulder with an elastic medical bandage helps to reduce swelling and pain. Wrap the bandage firmly but not too tight because you don't want to block the blood flow. A cold compression bandage is preferred over a regular bandage. If you feel a numbness or tingling sensation in your hand remove the bandage or make it lose.
e)Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Reducing inflammation is important in shoulder pain caused by arthritis, rotator cuff injuries, and tendonitis.NSAIDs are very effective at reducing pain and inflammation. They are taken as over-the-counter drugs and common drugs used are ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin, and naproxen.
f)Pain medications(pain killers)
Apart from aspirin and acetaminophen, it includes some medication that can be used as topical as well as for oral administration. This includes medications like diclofenac approved by U.S. food and drug administration. Diclofenac can be used as 1% diclofenac gel for topical use and can be used as a tab. diclofenac for oral use.
g)Muscle relaxants
Muscle relaxants are typically helpful in spasmodic shoulder pain. It helps in reducing muscle tension and spasm. Commonly used muscle relaxants in treating shoulder pain include drugs like baclofen and cyclobenzaprine. Muscle relaxants can't be used as over-the-counter drugs and one will need a prescription from a doctor to take these drugs.
Medical treatment by a doctor
If the above treatment measures fail to give the result then you need a professional medical opinion and a complete medical examination. Most of the cases that do not respond to the above-mentioned treatment need surgical treatment. After a complete medical examination and diagnostic imaging doctor will advise either a medical treatment which includes injectable steroids or a surgical treatment depending upon his or her findings.
When to consult a doctor
1)Pain not relieved despite taking the primary treatment and rest.
2)If your injured shoulder or arm or hand is weaker than the normal one.
3)If there is a restriction of the movements at shoulder joints due to severe pain or stiffness.
4)If you feel that your shoulder is not in a correct place (Dislocated shoulder)
Whom to consult
Orthopedic surgeon - a doctor with a specialist degree in orthopedicsPreventing the shoulder pain
The first step in preventing shoulder pain is to take enough rest and allow the body to heal from the daily stress. Eating a healthy diet is also very important as it provides all the necessary nutrients to the body to function with maximum efficacy. Moderation of alcohol intake and complete cessation of smoking are other lifestyle modifications that give impressive results in long term. People with a sedentary lifestyle and poor posture are more likely to get shoulder pain.
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