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Vulva : Overview, Anatomy, structure and function - Sentelhealth

 Overview : The vulva is a part of the female reproductive system and is also part of the external genitalia. The vulva consists of labia minora, labia majora, mons pubis, clitoris, vestibular bulb, vulval vestibule, urinary meatus the vaginal opening, hymen, and Bartholin's glands. other parts of the vulva include sebaceous glands, urogenital triangle, and pudendal cleft. Pelvic floor muscles support the structures of the vulva and vulva including the entrance to the vagina. Vulva goes through changes during childhood, puberty, menopause, and post-menopause. Structure: A) Mons pubis: it is present in both sexes and act as a cushion during sexual intercourse and is more pronounced in female. the mons pubis is a soft fatty tissue at the front of the vulva in the pubic region covering the pubic bone. the lower part of the mons pubis is divided by a fissure called pudendal cleft. it separates mons pubis and labia majora, the mons pubis, and labia majora get covered by pubic hair at pu...
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Penis - Anatomy, Function, Erection, Clinical conditions - Sentelhealth

 The penis is the external male genital organ that serves the purpose of the male organ of copulation as well as the urinal duct reaching its full size during puberty.

PARTS OF PENIS :

A) Root - the root of the penis is made of two erectile tissue as follows 

1) Crus: They are two in number and are covered by ischiocavernosus muscle.

2) Bulb: it is located between two crura and covered by bulbospongiosus muscle. It is pierced by the urethra to reach the body of the penis and the urethra shows dilation within the bulb called the navicular fossa.

B) Body of the penis - it is a continuation of the root of the penis and is completely covered by skin. The body of the penis is made of the three erectile masses and during the erection, these masses become engorged with blood leading to the erection and they are as follows;-

1) Corpora cavernosa: they are two in number and are a continuation of the root of the penis and are located on either side of the corpus spongiosus and they do not reach the end of the penis they terminate at the glans penis.

2) Corpus spongiosus : It is a continuation of the bulb of the penis and is located between the two corpora cavernosa. It is pierced by throught its length. The terminal part of the corpus spongiosus is expanded into conical enlargement called the glans penis.

BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE PENIS :

A) Pudendal artery - pudendal artery supplies corpus spongiosus , bulb, and glans penis.

B) Femoral artery -  supplies the skin of the penis.

MECHANISM OF ERECTION :(click on the title to read )

CLINICAL CONDITIONS OF THE PENIS :

A) Phimosis - a condition in which a foreskin cannot be retracted from around the penis.

B) Erectile dysfunction - penis fails to achieve sufficient hardness for satisfying intercourse.

C) Priapism - Prolonged erection of penis even when the erection is stopped.

D) Peyronie's disease - an abnormal curvature of the penis called by injury or medical condition.



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