Skip to main content

Vulva : Overview, Anatomy, structure and function - Sentelhealth

 Overview : The vulva is a part of the female reproductive system and is also part of the external genitalia. The vulva consists of labia minora, labia majora, mons pubis, clitoris, vestibular bulb, vulval vestibule, urinary meatus the vaginal opening, hymen, and Bartholin's glands. other parts of the vulva include sebaceous glands, urogenital triangle, and pudendal cleft. Pelvic floor muscles support the structures of the vulva and vulva including the entrance to the vagina. Vulva goes through changes during childhood, puberty, menopause, and post-menopause. Structure: A) Mons pubis: it is present in both sexes and act as a cushion during sexual intercourse and is more pronounced in female. the mons pubis is a soft fatty tissue at the front of the vulva in the pubic region covering the pubic bone. the lower part of the mons pubis is divided by a fissure called pudendal cleft. it separates mons pubis and labia majora, the mons pubis, and labia majora get covered by pubic hair at pu...
Post a Comment

Perineum : Overview, Anatomy, Boundaries, Divisions,Clinical significance - Sentelhealth

OVERVIEW :
Perineum in humans is a diamond-shaped space at the lower end of the trunk between two thighs. The perineum forms the lower end of the pelvis and external genitalia are located in the perineum.
In the male perineum, there are two openings one for the digestive system and the other for the urinary and genital system.
In females, there are three openings one for the digestive system, one for the urinary system, and one for the genital system.
The perineal body is the most important structure in the perineum which supports the reproductive system, especially in females. Unrepaired injury to the perineal body can lead to prolapse of the uterus.
BOUNDARIES OF THE PERINEUM :
A) Scrotum in the front
B) Buttocks in the back
C) Inner sides of the thighs on both sides.
DIVISIONS OF THE PERINEUM :
The perineum is divided into two triangular areas as follows -
1) Anal region: anal region as the name suggests contains the anus or digestive system opening in both males and females.
Boundaries of the anal region: the anal region is bounded by the following structure 
A) Perineal body in the front
B) Tip of the coccyx in the back
C) Sacrotuberous ligaments on each side
2)Urogenital region: it is the anterior division of the perineum and contains urinary and genital organs.
A)Male urogenital region -
Boundaries :
a) It is bounded in front and on the sides by symphysis pubis and ischiopubic rami.
b) In the back by interischial line.
The male urogenital region is divided into two parts by a strong perineal membrane 
1) Superficial perineal space
2) Deep perineal space 
Contents: male urogenital region contains the urethra, vessels, and nerve to the penis.
B)Female urogenital triangle -
Boundaries : 
a) It is bounded in front and on the sides by symphysis pubis and ischiopubic rami.
b) In the back by interischial line.
Contents of the female urogenital triangle :
1) Vaginal opening - which is opening for the reproductive systems,
2) Urethral opening - is the opening for the urinary system
Other contents of the female urogenital triangle are the deep artery of the clitoris, dorsal artery, and nerve to the clitoris.
PERINEAL BODY :
The perineal body is a fibromuscular node located in the center of the perineum about 1.5 cm from the anus and close to the penis. the perineal body is very important in females for the support of the reproductive organs especially the uterus as the perineal body is the main supporting structure of the uterus and prevents the uterus from collapsing.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE :
Perineal tears and episiotomy often occur during childbirth especially with first-time pregnancies, but the risk of these injuries can be reduced by prepping the perineum often through massage.
  

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Erectile dysfunction (ED) - Causes | symptoms | treatment | complications | prevention - Sentelhealth

Erectile dysfunction (ED) - Causes | symptoms | treatment | complications | prevention - Sentelhealth overview - erectile dysfunction is a consistent inability to attain or maintain sufficient rigid penile erection to perform sex. According to a survey in 2018  more than 50% of men aged more than 40 years experience erectile dysfunction . In a normal healthy person, erection is caused by the intact nervous and vascular systems working together in coordination. "A person is called to have erectile dysfunction when he is enabled to attain or maintain an erection for 3 months." However, the basic mechanism of erection is an increase in the inflow of the blood to the penis with a subsequent decrease in the outflow by causing constriction of the veins draining the blood from the penis. Causes of erectile dysfunction - In many cases of erectile dysfunction treating the underlying cause eventually relieve the condition.Therefore, a detailed history of the patien...
2 comments
Read more

Perineal care - indications, procedure and significance

Perineal care also called  peri-care or perineal genital care is a procedure involving washing of the perineal area with soap and water or by any commercially prepared peri-wash. The perineal area is prone to infections as it is warm, moist, and not well ventilated. In a normal person, a daily bath is enough to prevent any perineal infections but, in some cases,  perineal care is required for a certain period of time. What are indications of perineal care : 1)Postpartum females with repaired perineal tears. 2)Patients with genitourinary tract infections. 3) Patients recovering from surgeries of the genital region. 4) Patients suffering from incontinence. 5) Patients who are unable to do self-care. Preparation of the patient : Thoroughly wash your hands and medical gloves before you begin the procedure. Explain the procedure to the patient and take the consent before starting the procedure. Tell the patient to separate legs if the patient is unable to do that caregiver will...
Post a Comment
Read more

Spinal stenosis - causes | symptoms | treatment -Sentelhealth

Spinal stenosis - causes | symptoms | treatment  Overview Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of a spinal canal. It is a senile disease occurring most commonly in patients aged 50 years or more, the risk of getting spinal stenosis increases with age, and males are affected more than females. The most common site for spinal stenosis is a lumbar spine affecting nearly 70% of the cases. Osteoarthritis and disc herniation are the most common causes of  spinal stenosis . Symptoms and signs - 1) Worsening of pain on extension of the spine, on examination patient show limited movements of the lumbar spine due to severe pain. Extension of the spine may also produce leg symptoms. 2) Leg symptoms - pain in legs (single or bilateral) after walking for several minutes and relieved on sitting. This phenomenon is called neurogenic claudication. Treatment of spinal stenosis - Early treatment in spinal stenosis help to avoid complication and improve the quality of life of a patien...
1 comment
Read more